INFOKUM

Analysis of the Potential of Remote Monitoring and Control Systems for Energy Efficiency in Office Buildings

Roy Leo Rensius Hutauruk — 2025-08-28

Energy consumption in office buildings represents a significant portion of operational costs and environmental impact. Efficient energy management has therefore become a critical priority. This study analyzes the potential of implementing remote monitoring and control systems to improve energy efficiency in office buildings. The system integrates Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and microcontroller-based controllers to monitor and regulate electrical loads such as lighting, air conditioning, and other office equipment. Data collection and analysis were conducted through sensor integration, cloud-based dashboards, and control algorithms. The results show that real-time energy monitoring and automated control can reduce unnecessary energy usage by up to 25%, improve responsiveness to occupancy patterns, and enable predictive maintenance. The system also supports remote access via web or mobile interfaces, allowing facility managers to make informed decisions. The findings suggest that remote monitoring and control systems offer significant potential to enhance energy efficiency, reduce operational costs, and contribute to sustainable building management practices.

Diagnosis of Electricity Distribution Network Disturbances Using Fault Tree Analysis

Ramli Mahaddin Hutajulu — 2025-08-28

Disruptions in the electricity distribution network are one of the main problems that can reduce the reliability of electricity supply to customers. PT PLN ULP Balige as a customer service unit has the responsibility to ensure the continuity and quality of electricity distribution services in its operational area. This study aims to analyze the main causes of electricity distribution network disruptions using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. This method is used to identify the root causes of disruptions with a deductive approach arranged in the form of a fault tree. The data used in this study were obtained from disruption reports over the past year that occurred in the medium and low voltage distribution network at PT PLN ULP Balige. The results of the analysis indicate that several dominant factors causing disruptions include equipment component damage (such as transformers and cables), weather disturbances, and other external factors. With FTA modeling, logical relationships between causes can be systematically mapped, thereby facilitating the evaluation process and technical decision-making. This study is expected to be a basis for PT PLN ULP Balige in formulating prevention strategies and improving the reliability of the electricity distribution system through a more structured analytical approach.

Design and Implementation of a Custom Nozzle for Efficient Irrigation System in the Agricultural Faculty of UISU: a Community Service Approach

Jupriah Sarifah — 2025-08-29

The Islamic University of North Sumatra (UISU) aims to become increasingly recognized as a top-quality higher education institution, even internationally. This is evident in the ongoing collaborations between the UISU Faculty of Engineering and several educational institutions abroad, particularly in Southeast Asian countries like Thailand and Malaysia. The Faculty of Engineering is currently collaborating with the Saengtham Wittaya School Foundation in Trang, Thailand, for a Sociopreneurship-Based Business Development program for SMSEs in Trang, Thailand. This partnership is a positive step for UISU, as it embodies its vision and mission to expand its reach and become better known internationally. This collaboration is part of the International Mobility of Academics (IMA) program implemented by the ADA Research Center, and is being followed up by the Foundation Saengtham Wittaya School to establish a partnership. This collaboration is expected to benefit all parties, as it discusses many positive aspects for the advancement of education both at home and abroad. The quality and capacity possessed by UISU is believed to be one of the reasons why foreign educational institutions are willing to collaborate with UISU for educational development. The Saengtham Wittaya School Foundation in Thailand chose UISU because it is an Islamic educational institution with a track record of producing high-quality graduates with noble morals, established in 1951. Furthermore, it aims to develop UISU as a higher education institution capable of producing many high-quality individuals in the world of education. The collaboration between UISU and the Saengtham Wittaya School Trang Thailand Foundation will be carried out in the form of collaborative research, community service, journals and development between researchers, institutions, organizations and agencies, including Harapan University Medan, Cendana Polytechnic, Muhammadiyah University of North Sumatra, and the Terrorism Prevention Coordination Forum (FKPT).

Energy Efficiency Analysis Through Solar Power Generation System as a New Renewable Energy Source at PT. Bunga Flour Mils Medan

Muhammad Rizki Alfurqon — 2025-08-28

The development of the industrial revolution 4.0 has led to a surge in energy demand that continues to increase, driving the need for the implementation of new renewable energy sources, one of which is the Solar Power Plant (PLTS). This study aims to analyze the energy efficiency generated by the PLTS system at PT. Bunga Flour Mills Medan as an alternative solution in reducing dependence on conventional energy. The research method includes measuring output power, energy conversion efficiency, and analyzing the costs and benefits of implementing PLTS. The results of the study indicate that the implemented PLTS system has a fairly high efficiency with a significant contribution to saving the company's electricity consumption. In addition, the use of PLTS also has a positive impact on reducing carbon emissions and electricity operational costs in the long term. Thus, PLTS can be an effective and sustainable solution in supporting energy efficiency in the industrial sector.

Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) Testing Analysis on 150kv Power Transformers

Muhammad Rivai — 2025-08-28

This research used a laboratory experimental method with a quantitative approach. The aim was to measure and analyze the dissolved gas content in power transformer oil and to explain the measurement results based on the IEEE C57.104-2008 standard and PT PLN's Decree No. 0520 K/DIR/2014. The research objects were Power Transformers 1 and 2 of the 150 kV Titi Kuning Substation on Jalan Suka Tirta No. 54b, Medan, North Sumatra. The analysis used two methods to determine the condition of this transformer: TDCG and Key Gases. The first method is to measure the contents of Hydrogen (H2), Acetylene (CH2), Ethylene(CH4), Ethane (CH6), Methane, Carbon monoxide (CO), and Carbon dioxide (CO2). The second method involves summing the values of Gas Chromatography Method (TDCG) for Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) analysis, and the third method is a key gas method for determining the type of damage or abnormalities in a transformer.

Design of a Detector System in Electrical Installations at Dize Photography Studio

Alwi Riski — 2025-08-28

The stability of a three-phase power supply is crucial for ensuring the reliable operation of photography studio equipment, which is generally sensitive to electrical disturbances. One common disturbance is phase failure, which can cause equipment damage, reduced work quality, and safety risks. This study aims to analyze and implement a microcontroller-based phase failure detector system capable of detecting abnormal conditions in a photography studio's electrical system quickly and accurately. The system is designed using an ATmega328P microcontroller integrated with voltage sensors on each phase. When one of the phases fails, the system will provide a warning via a buzzer and LED indicator, and can optionally disconnect the load to prevent further damage. Test results show that this detector is capable of detecting the loss of a phase in less than 1 second with an accuracy level of XX% (adjusted based on the results). Thus, this system can improve protection for studio equipment and support more reliable operations.

Analysis of Low Voltage Cable Insulation Resistance Test in PT. PLN (Persero) UPP Sumbagut 1 Building

Khairul Fahredha — 2025-08-28

Insulation resistance testing is an important part of electrical installation system maintenance to ensure system safety and reliability. This study aims to analyze the condition of low-voltage cable insulation in the PT. PLN (Persero) UPP Sumbagut 1 building through insulation resistance testing using a megger. Measurements were conducted at several distribution panel points by comparing the results with the 2011 PUIL standard. The test results showed a decrease in insulation quality at several points, especially in the generator panel area, which has the potential to cause disruption to the power distribution system. The decrease in insulation resistance can be influenced by various factors such as cable age, environmental humidity, and installation conditions. This study provides recommendations for preventive measures in the form of cable replacement at critical points and the implementation of periodic testing to maintain the performance of the electrical system. In addition, evaluation of installation design and environmental control is also needed to increase cable service life and overall system efficiency.

Analysis of Radiation Efficiency of Microstrip Dipole Antenna Based on Cohen-Minkowski Fractal

Bhima Andika Putra — 2025-08-28

The performance of microstrip antennas can be significantly improved through fractal geometry, particularly in achieving size reduction and multiband behavior. This study investigates the radiation efficiency of a microstrip dipole antenna employing the Cohen-Minkowski fractal geometry. The antenna is designed using FR4 substrate material with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and is simulated in multiple fractal iterations. Simulations are conducted using CST Studio Suite to observe return loss (S11), gain, and radiation efficiency across different frequencies. The results show that the incorporation of Cohen-Minkowski geometry increases surface current path length, enabling better impedance matching and improved radiation efficiency, especially at higher iterations.

Lithium Battery Efficiency Analysis in Solar Power Plants (PLTS) for Rice Field Irrigation Water Pumps

Deni Prabowo — 2025-08-28

Solar Power Plant is a power generation system that uses solar energy to generate electricity. PLTS components consist of solar panels, solar charger controller, battery and inverter. Solar panels are used to convert solar energy into DC electrical energy. The solar charger controller functions to regulate the voltage value distributed to the battery. The battery is used to store electrical power and the inverter is used to convert DC current to AC. In its use, the components installed on the PLTS need to know the efficiency percentage so that the amount of electrical energy utilization that can be generated can be known. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of electrical energy generation produced by solar panels with a capacity of 250 WP and a 2000 W inverter. Tests were carried out 5 times within a 5-hour time span (10:00 WIB – 14:00 WIB) using a 350 W Water Pump load. The test results showed that the solar panels were able to produce an average power of 76.39 W, with the largest power reaching 86.55 W. The calculated solar panel efficiency was 15.13%. The battery efficiency, based on the highest power measured, reached 0.80%. The inverter's power output varied, averaging 919.6 watts, with the highest output reaching 935 watts.

Analysis of Solar Power Plant Planning for Lighting Dragon Fruit Orchards in Silimakuta Village, Pakpak Bharat

Alfonsus Sinamo — 2025-08-28

The use of electrical energy as a lighting source in dragon fruit orchards in remote areas such as Silimakuta Village often faces challenges due to limited access to electricity from the state electricity company (PLN). Therefore, efficient and sustainable alternative energy sources are needed, one of which is through Solar Power Plants (PLTS). This study aims to calculate the power requirements and capacity of the PLTS system required to meet lighting needs in dragon fruit orchards. The research problem formulation includes how to calculate the power requirements of a PLTS system and the required power capacity. The problem definition focuses on calculating the power requirements of each component and the amount of power generated by the system to determine the number of solar modules. The research method used was to calculate the power consumption of lighting lamps, system efficiency, and the potential solar irradiation in the area. The results show that a PLTS system with a certain capacity can optimally meet nighttime lighting needs. This research provides benefits in the form of appropriate PLTS system planning, battery capacity calculations, and the utilization of renewable energy to support sustainable lighting systems in the agricultural sector.

Comparative Analysis of Solar Power Plants Using Direct Sunlight and Glass Reflected Light

Muhammad Renaldy — 2025-09-01

Indonesia has the potential for new and renewable energy (EBT), including solar energy as a source of power generation. Energy efficiency can be defined as the ratio between the electrical power generated and the input power received. Low efficiency impacts the electrical power output of solar modules. This underlies the use of Solar Power Plants (PLTS) as a new and renewable electrical energy source to replace fossil fuels that have limited quantities and pollute the environment. Solar cells as PLTS units have the constraint of insufficient output power and are highly dependent on natural conditions. One method of optimizing solar cells is by using sunlight-reflecting glass (reflectors). Sunlight is a renewable energy source that can be utilized as a new power generator. However, in the process, certain additions are required to the solar cell module to optimize the output voltage produced. Efforts to optimize electrical output in solar modules by maximizing the intensity of light falling on the surface of the solar module by using direct sunlight. The results obtained are in the form of a comparison.

Performance Analysis of Battery Endurance in a Bldc Motor-Based Mini Electric Vehicle: a Case Study at the Electrical Engineering Laboratory, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi

Denny Syahputra — 2025-09-01

The development of electric vehicle technology continues to experience rapid progress, especially in terms of energy efficiency and power storage systems. One of the main components in an electric vehicle is the battery, which plays a crucial role in determining the vehicle's range, performance, and energy efficiency. This study aims to analyze the battery life of a BLDC (Brushless DC) motor used in a mini electric car prototype. Testing was conducted at the Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Panca Budi Development University with various load scenarios and operating times to evaluate battery life performance. The research method was carried out through an experimental approach by directly measuring voltage, current, temperature, and operating duration using a digital measuring instrument and periodically recording the data. The test results showed that the battery has optimal performance within a certain current range, but experienced a decrease in capacity as the load and operating temperature increased. From the test results, it was concluded that battery life is greatly influenced by operational conditions and charging system management. This study provides an initial overview for the development of a battery management system (BMS) and energy efficiency design in a laboratory-scale mini electric vehicle. Development recommendations are directed at temperature control and load power regulation so that the battery can be used more optimally and sustainably.

Analysis of Grounding Resistance Value Improvement on 150 kV Glang-Namorambe High Voltage Air Line Tower (SUTT) using three Measurement Points (Three Point Method)

Bastanta Tarigan — 2025-09-02

Low grounding resistance is an important factor in ensuring the safety and reliability of electric power systems, especially on High Voltage Overhead Lines (SUTT). This study aims to analyze and improve the grounding resistance values on 150 kV SUTT towers on the Glang–Namorambe line using the three-point measurement method. Measurements were conducted to determine the actual condition of the grounding system and evaluate the effectiveness of the improvements made. Initial measurements showed that several towers had resistance values exceeding the maximum PLN standard limit of 10 ohms. To address this, improvements were made by installing additional electrodes, adding conductors, and using ground enhancement materials. After the improvements, remeasurements were conducted for each tower. The analysis results showed that the applied improvement method succeeded in reducing the grounding resistance value significantly, with an average reduction of 40–60%. The final resistance values of all towers were below the specified threshold, so that the grounding system can function properly in protecting equipment and personnel safety from overvoltage disturbances caused by lightning and ground faults.

Implementation of Yolov8 Instance Segmentation for Detection and Segmentation of Leaf Diseases in Horticultural Plants

Da’i Gilang Ramadhan — 2025-09-03

Leaf diseases are one of the primary factors contributing to reduced agricultural productivity, especially in tropical regions such as Indonesia. Early identification of infected areas is crucial to prevent further disease spread and minimize crop losses. This study proposes the application of YOLOv8 instance segmentation with an in-training augmentation strategy to precisely detect and segment leaf disease areas. The dataset consists of 3,528 diseased leaf images, with 588 original images used for validation and 2,940 augmented images for training. The augmentation process includes mosaic, HSV adjustment, spatial transformations, RandAugment, and other techniques to enhance the model’s generalization capability. Model performance was evaluated using mAP, precision, recall, and Intersection over Union (IoU) metrics. Experimental results demonstrate that the model achieved stable performance with high mAP@50, precision and recall approaching optimal values, and an average IoU above 0.5. This approach is effective and has strong potential for implementation in early plant disease detection systems, supporting farmers in making timely and accurate decisions.

Optimization of Switching Substation Performance for Power Network Stability Against Voltage Drop Effects at ULP Kutacane

Aldi Anggara — 2025-09-11

This study aims to optimize the performance of the distribution substation in maintaining the stability of the electricity network, especially in reducing the effects of voltage drops in the Kuta-cane Customer Service Unit (ULP). Significant voltage drops can affect the quality of electricity supply and cause instability that impacts the performance of customers' electrical equipment. This study includes data collection on distribution substations and network conditions, voltage drop measurements at critical points in the network, and voltage distribution simulations using electrical analysis software. Based on the results of the analysis, optimization of the distribution substation was carried out by adjusting the transformer capacity, installing load balancing devices, and rearranging the load distribution to reduce voltage drops. The optimization results showed an increase in voltage stability in the Kuta-cane ULP electricity network, as indicated by a decrease in voltage drops in previously problematic areas. This optimization has proven effective in maintaining distribution stability and improving the quality of electricity supply to customers. This study produces technical recommendations that can be implemented by the Kutacane ULP in maintaining the performance of distribution substations sustainably, so as to improve the reliability of the electricity network in the region.

Interrogating the Narrative of New Masculinity in the Media: Remediation of Gender Dichotomy in the ABC Soy Sauce Comercial "Suami Sejati Mau Masak, Terima Kasih Kecap ABC”

Rara Mustika Ningrum — 2025-09-29

Advertisements play a significant role in shaping gender representation through the construction of signs and visual meanings. This study is motivated by the phenomenon of shifting gender roles in the domestic sphere, as represented in the ABC Soy Sauce advertisement “Suami Sejati Mau Masak, Terima Kasih Kecap ABC” (“A Real Husband Cooks, Thanks to ABC Soy Sauce”). The research aims to analyze how the advertisement constructs, negotiates, and deconstructs the meanings of masculinity and femininity. A qualitative descriptive method is applied using Jacques Derrida’s deconstruction. The data consist of dialogues, audio narration, and visual representations of characters in the advertisement. The findings reveal that the advertisement portrays the image of a modern man who is willing to cook as an effort to challenge traditional gender dichotomies. However, it simultaneously reproduces subtle patriarchal values. Women remain positioned at the center of domestic labor through the narrative of “helping” and specific visual symbols, while gender equality is commodified through the product’s role as a mediator. The study concludes that the advertisement offers only a pseudo-deconstruction: it appears progressive on the surface but ideologically maintains patriarchal myths within the domestic sphere.

The Implementation of the (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) / (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) Prevention Policy at the Kedungwaringin Community Health Center, Kedungwaringin District, Bekasi Regency

Nani Maryani — 2025-10-07

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the HIV/AIDS prevention policy at the Kedungwaringin Community Health Center (Puskesmas), Bekasi Regency, based on the Van Meter and Van Horn policy implementation model, which includes six variables: policy standards and objectives, resources, inter-organizational communication, implementing characteristics, socio-economic-political conditions, and implementers’ disposition. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through in-depth interviews with program managers, health workers, and PLWHA (People Living with HIV/AIDS). The results show that the implementation of the policy has a clear legal basis and standard operating procedures (SOPs), but they are not yet fully understood by all implementers, particularly cadres who have not received further training. Limited human resources, operational funds, and training are the main obstacles to program effectiveness. Vertical communication with the Health Office functions well through the SIHA 2.1 application, but horizontal communication with village authorities, NGOs, and the community remains suboptimal. In addition, social stigma against PLWHA and economic barriers among the community hinder sustainable access to health services. Program implementers’ motivation tends to decline due to high workloads, lack of incentives, and insufficient supervision. In conclusion, the implementation of the HIV/AIDS prevention policy at the Kedungwaringin Community Health Center has been carried out but is not yet optimal. Strengthening human resource capacity, regional budget support, cross-sectoral coordination, and educational and inclusive approaches are needed to reduce stigma and expand service coverage. Support from all stakeholders is essential for the policy to be implemented effectively and sustainably.

Implementation of the Digital Service System Policy at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Bandung Regency

Bambang Triana Prima — 2025-10-07

This study analyzes the implementation of the Bedas Digital Service (BDS) policy system at the Population and Civil Registration Office (Disdukcapil) of Bandung Regency using the Van Meter and Van Horn (1975) model. BDS was launched as a response to weaknesses in the manual system for monitoring and supervising population administration services. This qualitative research, employing a single case study design, utilized in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, along with source and method triangulation. The findings show that BDS implementation achieved 75% of its target. Based on the six variables of the Van Meter and Van Horn model: the policy standards are clear, emphasizing efficiency, monitoring, and transparency; resources are supported by the regional budget (APBD) and free WiFi in 280 locations, although human resources remain limited (only 10 IT operators); vertical and horizontal communication runs effectively; Disdukcapil possesses adequate competence; the environmental conditions show strong political support but digital gaps persist among adult and elderly groups; and implementers’ dispositions are positive. Supporting factors include political backing, competent human resources, WiFi infrastructure, inter-agency coordination, and adoption by younger generations. Inhibiting factors involve server instability, limited personnel, digital divides, dependence on central systems, geographical blank spots, and cautious behavior among staff. BDS has successfully reduced illegal intermediaries, improved transparency (trust index rising from 65% to 88%), and increased time efficiency (from several months to 2–3 days). The one-day service target has not been fully achieved due to technical and operational challenges. Overall, BDS implementation shows significant progress but still requires infrastructure strengthening, additional personnel, and digital literacy programs for optimal outcomes.

A Community-Based Environmental Empowerment Model Through Social Movements and Local Institutions: Strate-gies for Strengthening and Implementation

Agustrisno Agustrisno — 2025-10-23

Environmental management and village cleanliness through social movements in community empowerment efforts in Sei Nagalawan Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, are still constrained by various factors. These include: the limited capacity of the village community to reduce the rapidly increasing volume of waste, the low level of community knowledge regarding waste management and household yard cleanliness, and weak partnerships in community-based waste management initiatives. This situation needs to be addressed through community service programs. The activities are designed to empower the PKK (Family Welfare Movement) Women’s Group, village Posyandu (Integrated Health Post) cadres, and the broader community by providing outreach and awareness-raising on the importance of maintaining a clean, waste-free environment through social movements. The objectives of this independent community service program are to: (1) contribute to reducing the alarming rate of waste generation, (2) increase the knowledge of PKK members and Posyandu cadres on waste management, and (3) strengthen local institutions as a means of fostering community-based social movements for waste management. The methods used in this program include: socialization and training on environmental management with a focus on preventing yard waste, and a participatory approach to social movements that integrates the role of local institutions. The results of this community service initiative demonstrate increased community motivation to manage waste and maintain clean household yards through social movement-based approaches.